1. Central Processor Unit (CPU).
CPU performs arithmetical and logical calculations at high speed with 8 bit words: it performs all the processing functions and is capable of addressing itself up to 64 memory bits.
2. Electronic type programmable memory (PROM) or fixed memory (ROM).
3. Memory module for electronic type data.
4. Input module connecting the CPU with the process.
5. Output module, to dispatch the microcomputer information toward the process.
6. Interface module, to adapt the input signals and input/output card capacity to the multiplexing and demultiplexing units and for A/D to D/A conversion.
D
Computer Hardware
The heart of the system is the Central Processing Unit (CPU), which holds both program and data, an Arithmetic-Logic Unit (ALU), which contains processing circuitry such as an adder, shifter, and a few fast registers for holding the operands*, and the instruction currently being processed (Fig. 10). The program counter would also be included in the ALU. One part of the CPU is a set of routing circuits which provide path between storage and the ALU and input/output controllers or channels. Many storage or input devices may be wired to one channel; but only
one device per channel can be transmitting information from or to main storage at any one time.
Main
storage
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Fig. 10. General organization of a computer system
In general, large computers may be thought of as having four distinct parts: a high-speed calculating unit, a memory unit, an input device and an output device.
* исходное число.
E
Main Engine Control System for Internal Combustion Marine Diesel Engines'
Main engine control system is used for automatic remote control and protection of main ship’s diesels. It permits to change direction and speed rotation of propeller directly from the bridge by navigators. The system consists of the equipment installed on the bridge, engine control room (ECR) locally mounted near the engine.
The set of Engine Remote Control equipment>2 in ECR essentially consists of a panel fitted up>3 with the various signalling, alarm and control facilities>4, in addition to the electronic modules (both logic and analog).
Electronic Control Modules Rack>5 comprises:
a) Engine starting and reversal logic module>6, with LED display>7 (direction of rotation indicator)>6 of logic status>9 and starting set-point adjust potentiometer status>10;
b) Digital/analog engine RPM converter" with cut-in thresholds>12 and LED display of the status of the thresholds and thresholds adjusting potentiometers>13.
c) Engine control programmer>14 with LED display of stand-by>15, RPM reduction, emergency, etc. and acceleration gradient adjusting potentiometer>10.
d) RPM controller>17 with potentiometers for variables and operating limits adjustment>13.
e) Torque limiter>19, with limit indicator>20.
Locally Mounted Equipment comprises electro-hydraulic type actuator>21, for remote control of the fuel linkages>22; the said actuator is continuously linked mechanically to the lever and is therefore driven by the manual handwheel>23 when it is deenergized>24.
The equipment also comprises induction type pick-ups>23 to monitor>26 the number of RPM’s->7 and rotating direction, as well as u five-position servo-motor>23, complete with four devices to position the engine local control lever>2-' for reversing gears and starting air distributors for engine stop, running ahead>30, starting ahead, running astern, starting astern. Equipment on Bridge comprises:
1. Engine telegraph.
2. Automatic control panel. It has the following items>31 mounted on panel front>32:
a) Manual power limiter>33.
b) Engine speed fine adjustment potentiometer>3к
c) Illuminated push-button>35 for bridge control demand.
d) “Control transfer inhibited” signal display>36.
e) “Control on the bridge/ECR” signal display.
f) Direction of engine rotation indicator (LED)
